Kaymaklı Underground City

23 Feb 2025

Kaymaklı Underground City: A Subterranean Wonder of Cappadocia

Cappadocia is world-renowned for its fairy chimneys, rock-cut dwellings, and hidden underground cities, with Kaymaklı Underground City being one of the most remarkable. This ancient subterranean settlement, carved deep into volcanic rock, showcases the resilience and ingenuity of past civilizations that sought refuge beneath the earth’s surface.

A Brief History of Kaymaklı Underground City

Kaymaklı is believed to have been built during the Hittite period (circa 2000 BCE) and later expanded by early Christians to escape Roman and Arab persecution. Unlike other underground cities, Kaymaklı is the widest in Cappadocia, featuring a complex network of tunnels, rooms, and ventilation shafts that allowed thousands of people to live underground for extended periods.

Rediscovered in 1964, Kaymaklı is now open to visitors, offering an incredible glimpse into ancient underground life.

Exploring the Depths of Kaymaklı

Kaymaklı consists of at least eight levels, though only four are currently open to tourists. As you descend, you’ll uncover an intricate world designed for survival, complete with living spaces, storage areas, kitchens, wineries, and even a church.

1. The First Level – The Gateway to the Underground

This level served as an entry point, featuring stables for livestock, food storage rooms, and a ventilation system crucial for fresh air circulation.

2. The Second Level – The Heart of the City

Here, you’ll find a church with an altar and seating, as well as communal living spaces. The architecture reflects how the residents adapted their underground life to sustain daily routines.

3. The Third Level – Defense & Security

Massive circular stone doors were strategically placed to seal off sections in case of invasion. The city also had a complex tunnel network connecting it to other underground settlements.

4. The Fourth Level – Storage & Winery

This level housed large food storage areas and a winery, showing that the inhabitants planned for long-term survival underground.

What Makes Kaymaklı Unique?

One of the largest underground cities – It extends further than most, with numerous yet-to-be-explored tunnels.
Excellent ventilation system – Designed to support thousands of people while remaining hidden from enemies.
Historical significance – A key refuge for early Christians escaping persecution.
Ingenious defensive architecture – Includes trapdoors, hidden passageways, and secret escape routes.

How to Visit Kaymaklı Underground City

Location: 20 km from Nevşehir, easily accessible by car or local tours.
Best Time to Visit: Spring and autumn (April–June, September–November) offer the most comfortable temperatures.
Entrance Fee: Check updated ticket prices before visiting.
Opening Hours: Typically open year-round, but hours may vary seasonally.

Travel Tips for Visiting Kaymaklı

Wear comfortable shoes – The tunnels are uneven and narrow.
Bring a flashlight – Some areas may be dimly lit.
Avoid if claustrophobic – Some sections are tight and may feel confined.
Hire a guide – Learn about the fascinating history and hidden details.
Visit early or late in the day – To avoid peak tourist crowds.

Conclusion

Kaymaklı Underground City is a testament to human resilience and ingenuity, offering an unforgettable journey into Cappadocia’s hidden world. Whether you're a history buff, an adventure seeker, or a curious traveler, a visit to Kaymaklı promises a thrilling experience unlike any other. Be sure to add it to your Cappadocia itinerary and uncover the mysteries of this ancient underground civilization!